Heat. The purpose of a fire extinguisher is to break this process by removing or blocking one of these three elements. Once this happens, the fire will either extinguish immediately or burn out. To remove heat, a fire extinguisher can smother the fire. To remove oxygen, the fire extinguisher can smother it as well.
It also prevents oxygen from reaching the fuel. Most fire extinguishers work by separating the fuel from the oxygen. The oxygen comes from the air. It is the same oxygen we breathe. Since the oxygen has to be in contact with the fuel, if you can coat the fuel with something that keeps the oxygen away, the fire will go out.
How does a fire extinguisher stop a fire, Let’s talk fire! And …
Let’s talk fire! And extinguishers. You need three ingredients to make fire: fuel (like wood or gasoline), oxygen and heat. Fire is a chemical reaction between oxygen and the fuel. If you want to put out a fire, just get rid of one of those three things – fuel, oxygen or heat. Removing the fuel is easy when the fire is controlled.
They work by smothering the fire: when you spread a thin layer of foam over a fire, you cut the fuel off from the oxygen around it. Foam extinguishers also help to absorb heat, since the cool foam they release contains a lot of water.
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How does a dry fire extinguisher work?
Dry chemical extinguishers are tanks of foam or dry powder with compressed nitrogen as the propellant. They work by smothering the fire: when you put a layer of powder or foam on the fire, you cut the fuel off from the oxygen around it, and the fire goes out.
How does a carbon dioxide extinguisher work?
Carbon dioxide extinguishers. As the carbon dioxide enters the horn, it swirls around in a turbulent flow (orange arrows) forming snow (orange blobs) and gas. The swirling turbulence stops dead air zones forming in the horn, which in turn prevents air being swept down the horn toward the fire.
What happens when water hits a fire extinguisher?
When water hits fire it boils, turns to steam and floats away, taking some heat with it. It also prevents oxygen from reaching the fuel. Most fire extinguishers work by separating the fuel from the oxygen. The oxygen comes from the air. It is the same oxygen we breathe.
How important is the design of a fire extinguisher?
One thing to note is that the design of a fire extinguisher’s nozzle is as important as (often more important than) the rest of the mechanism, because how the extinguishing chemicals arrive at the fire is critical. That’s why a lot of patents focus on the specifics of the nozzle.
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Reference:
https://www.usfa.fema.gov/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_extinguisher